Grocery inflation is outpacing the family budgets of many Americans. Photo courtesy Bureau of Labor Statistics.

 

According to the latest inflation data published June 13, 2023, the average price of food in the United States increased 6.7% in the 12 months ending in May. This after posting an annual increase of 7.7% in April. The U.S. Labor Department’s Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) as recently as August 2022 showed the rate of inflation for food was 11.4%, the highest since May 1979.

Food is a major component within the BLS’s Consumer Price Index (CPI). This inflation category is divided into two smaller groups: the “Food at home” index and the “Food away from home” index.

The “Food at home” index covers how prices have changed for foods found in grocery stores, while the “Food away from home” index tracks how prices have changed for service meals and snacks. As an example, the CPI for April separately showed prices for the two logged year-over-year increases of 5.8 and 8.3%.

Some of the foods that the BLS surveys every month for inflation include meats, poultry, fish, eggs, cereal, bakery products, dairy, beverages, and various fruits and vegetables. Prices for these items have increased dramatically in the past 12 months through May 2023.

Grocery prices over time increased, sometimes substantially, for specific food items such as bananas, oranges, bacon, ground beef, steak, milk, eggs, cheese, flour, rice, potato chips, coffee, and more. Food was up overall 6.7%; Food at home up 5.8%; Cereals and bakery products up 10.7%; Meats, poultry, fish, and eggs up .3%; Dairy and related products up 4.6%; Fruits and vegetables up 2.7%; Non-alcoholic beverages and beverages materials up 8.7%; Other food at home up 9.2%; Food away from home up 8.3%.

The overall U.S. inflation rate on food over the last decade went from 1.1% in 2013 to 10.4% in 2022.

Data Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics: Food and beverages in U.S. city average, all urban consumers, not seasonally adjusted. CPI-All Urban Consumers.

The change in food prices is a component of the CPI’s “all items” index and so they are part of the data set that is used in calculating inflation rates. Food prices tend to be more volatile, thus, they are not included when calculating core inflation rates.

 

 

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